Individuals placed on the frequent utilizer list are noted on select county Behavioral Health system databases. When they show up at the CARE campus for detoxification or the Public Inebriate Intervention Program, the intake team will see they are on the frequent utilizer list. The same is true for those arriving at the county’s Resource Reentry Center in Downtown Albuquerque, where inmates go immediately after release from jail for support services as they transition back into daily life. When staff meet someone from the frequent utilizer list at either site, they offer case management. If the individual already has it, they try to connect them to that case manager; if not, they ask if they’d like one.

The Crisis Assistance Helping Out On The Streets (CAHOOTS) program is a community responder program in Eugene, Oregon. Through CAHOOTS, mobile crisis intervention teams are dispatched throughout the city after a person calls 911 or the local non-emergency contact number. CAHOOTS’ services are offered 24/7 and include trauma-informed de-escalation, welfare checks, first aid and non-emergency medical care, suicide prevention and intervention, housing crisis assistance, and crisis counseling. The CAHOOTS program handles about 19 percent of all police calls for service in Eugene, and less than 1 percent of their calls require police backup.

Denver STAR is a behavioral health response program. STAR employees are not armed and do not perform any law enforcement duties. Calls to 911 are triaged to determine if a call is appropriate for a STAR response and if so, a STAR van is dispatched to the scene staffed with a Denver Health Paramedic and an MHCD Clinician. Results from a 2021 evaluation of the STAR program showed that during the first six months of the program, the team responded to 748 calls, and no calls required the assistance of the Denver Police Department, and no individuals were arrested.

The SMART team consists of a law enforcement officer and a behavioral health specialist who co-respond to mental health-related police calls. They then collaborate with the third team member, the case manager, who provides critical follow-up for the client, connecting them with the most appropriate community resources. The program delivers a continuum of care from crisis response through stabilization, with the ultimate goal of safe return to the community.

The Reach Out Initiative includes a team of stakeholders that cross over multiple systems, including mental health, substance abuse, law enforcement, pretrial services, courts, jails, community corrections, housing, health, social services, family members and many others. The goal of the Yavapai County Reach Out Program is to identify people with Mental Health and  Co-Occurring Disorders at the earliest possible criminal justice intercept and link them to care to help prevent them from re-offending.